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Thus, some species have no stripes Amphiprion ephippium , only one Amphiprion frenatus or just two Amphiprion sebae. Amphiprion ocellaris , the famous Nemo, has three stripes. What can explain the difference in the number of bands between these species? To understand the mechanism leading to the diversity of pigment patterns, we grouped each clownfish species according to their number of vertical bands.
Genetic analysis integrating the evolutionary history of clownfish revealed that their common ancestor had three white bands , and that during their diversification, clownfish lines successively lost the tail band, then the body band and finally the head band, thus giving four possible combinations:.
To understand why some stripe combinations do not exist in clownfish, we looked at the development of two species with two different coloured patterns in adulthood, A. The stripes in A. That is, in the reverse order that they disappeared for some species during the process of evolution.
A second surprising observation was that A. These bands are then lost in the reverse order that they evolved, from tail to head. Royal Blue tangs play an important role in maintaining the health and balance of coral reefs. Herbivores graze the algae seaweed on reefs, similar to cattle or sheep in a field. These herbivores keep the algae in check and keep space open for corals to grown and settle.
Without herbivores, algae can overgrow and crowd out corals.
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