Touch the solder to the tip of the iron and make sure the solder flows evenly around the tip. You should tin the tip of your iron before and after each soldering session to extend its life. Eventually, every tip will wear out and will need replacing when it becomes rough or pitted. This will help the component make a better connection with the copper pad and prevent it from falling out while soldering. At this point, touch the tip of the iron to the copper pad and the resistor lead at the same time.
You need to hold the soldering iron in place for seconds in order to heat the pad and the lead. Step 3: Apply Solder To Joint — Continue holding the soldering iron on the copper pad and the lead and touch your solder to the joint. If the joint is too cold, it will form a bad connection. Step 4: Snip The Leads — Remove the soldering iron and let the solder cool down naturally.
Once cool, you can snip the extra wire from leads. A proper solder joint is smooth, shiny and looks like a volcano or cone shape. You want just enough solder to cover the entire joint but not too much so it becomes a ball or spills to a nearby lead or joint.
Begin by removing the insulation from the ends of both wires you are soldering together. If the wire is stranded, twist the strands together with your fingers. Make sure your soldering iron is fully heated and touch the tip to the end of one of the wires. Hold it on the wire for seconds. Repeat this process on the other wire. Hold the two tinned wires on top of each other and touch the soldering iron to both wires.
This process should melt the solder and coat both wires evenly. Remove the soldering iron and wait a few seconds to let the soldered connection cool and harden. Use heat shrink to cover the connection. The good thing about using solder is the fact that it can be removed easily in a technique known as desoldering. This comes in handy if you need to remove a component or make a correction to your electronic circuit. To desolder a joint, you will need solder wick which is also known as desoldering braid.
Step 2 — Heat your soldering iron and touch the tip to the top of the braid. This will heat the solder below which will then be absorbed into the desoldering braid. You can now remove the braid to see the solder has been extracted and removed. Be careful touching the braid when you are heating it because it will get hot. Optional — If you have a lot of solder you want removed, you may want to use a device called a solder sucker.
This is a handheld mechanical vacuum that sucks up hot solder with a press of a button. To use, press the plunger down at the end of the solder sucker. Soldering is the process of connecting two metals together by fusing them with a different element, solder. The process is distinguishable from welding in that only the fused metal melts, while the two connecting metals remain undeformed. With this technique, a strong but reversible connection can be made between electrical conductors, if necessary for component replacement or board repair.
Solder is an alloy typically composed of tin and lead; however, other elements; such as silver are also used. Due to concerns over the toxicity of lead, unleaded or lead-free solder is becoming more common.
The primary difference between the two is their melting points, with lead-free soldering usually having a melting point 50 C higher than leaded solder.
Unless regulations require you to use lead-free solder, like in the European Union, leaded solder will generally be simpler to use and has a lower risk of defects. Exposing board components to such high temperatures can reduce their useful lifetime and cause problems when your board is in the field. The other main ingredient in soldering is flux. Flux can be broadly defined as a cleaning agent, which removes oxidation from the metal surfaces to be soldered.
These days solder reflow is the most common process, but wave soldering is still sometimes used for certain boards. The deciding factor is often the number of SMT components or through-hole components a board uses. Be sure to talk with your CM to see which method they recommend for your board, and ask them about any DFM guidelines they have for that process.
PCB defects from soldering can be difficult to find and fix. Some of the more common defects are tombstoning, bridging, and excess solder. The first step to avoiding all of these defects is to delve deeper into soldering and understand how the process works from beginning to end.
The method that the flux is applied to each of these solder processes is carefully controlled to ensure that the flux is able to do its job without compromising the integrity of the soldering process. For instance, if a solder paste is being used that has a greater concentration of solvents in it then other types of paste, there can be a problem if the flux is heated too fast.
For this reason, the solder reflow process is carefully controlled with preheat, temperature soaking, and reflow stages.
Another aspect of flux is the need to clean it off the circuit board after it has done its job. Some fluxes are corrosive, and their residue may continue their activity and harm the circuit board long after it has been manufactured. The three categories of flux mentioned above each have their own cleaning needs:. For those fluxes that are more corrosive, cleaning is essential. Some processes of circuit board manufacturing, such as shielded areas of the PCB that go through wave soldering, can potentially hide flux residue.
In addition to the corrosive problems of the more active fluxes, however, even the residue of no-clean fluxes can interfere with PCB testing, optical inspection equipment, and some sensitive electronic components. In general, it is best to clean flux residue whenever possible. There are many different categories, types, and compositions of flux out there for soldering, just as there are many different types of solders and soldering processes.
To be assured that your PCB design is going to be manufactured correctly with the best combination of materials and processes, you need to work with a CM that has a complete understanding of all of it. Your CM should have years of experience working with these different materials and have the equipment and resources to facilitate these processes. At Tempo Automation , we do have the experience, skills, and facilities needed to manufacture your PCB.
We have been assembling and soldering circuit boards for a long time, and we will make sure that your design is built to the highest levels of quality. And to help you get started on the best path, we furnish information for your DFM checks and enable you to easily view and download DRC files. If you want more information on how to use flux when soldering electronics, contact us.
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